Tape device precast and monolithic foundations

Foundation - is a constructive element of the building bears the load of above-ground parts of the building and transfers it to the ground. If the base is composed of wet fine-grained soil (fine sand and silty, sandy loam, clay loam, clay) - These soils distending therefore the sole foundation should be placed below the level of soil freezing at 20 cm.

In nepuchinistyh soil (coarse sand gravelisty, large and medium size), depth of burial is not dependent on the depth of freezing, but shall be not less than 0,5 m from the planned surface of the earth

According to the way the device strip foundations are prefabricated and monolithic

1.Monolitnye foundation of rubble stone are ragged shape, placed on a composite or cement-sand mortar, with a mandatory ligation. Width of the rubble foundation:
From the ragged stone quarry at least 600mm
From the rubble slabs not less than 500mm

The transition from the broadened part of the basement to the upper narrow part is carried out stepwise. The width of the ledge from 150mm to 250mm up to three rows of masonry. Lack of such a foundation is in its high labor intensity, and is typically used in areas in which the mining rubble.

2. Rubble concrete foundation made of concrete class B5 using separate pieces of rubble minimum width of 350mm. Broadening being staggered, the width of the ledge 150-250mm and height 300mm. These bases are arranged in a strong and dense soils.

3. Concrete foundations are being built in the formwork of the concrete class B7 ,5-B30 that requires a very large amount of cement. Bottom chord must be reinforced horizontal grid.

4. Tape precast foundations are most often applied in the construction since they are most effective and least time-consuming. Such foundations are composed of blocks of pillows (base plates), and the foundation blocks. When the device is required bandaging joints between the blocks and blocks and pillows.

In order to save at the base of sufficient strength can Tiling pillows with a gap 0,2 - 0,9 m. Gaps between them filled with sand. At glinyastyh or subsiding grounds with a long and uneven load tape precast foundation reinforce reinforcement (create reinforced seam with a diameter of armature 20 to 30mm). Reinforcement of the upper and lower mortar joints increases the strength of the foundation and prevents the appearance of cracks when erratic rainfall of the building.

The construction of buildings on the site with a large sloping foundation operates with long benches, bench height should be more than 0,5 m and a minimum length of 10m.

5. Foundations of large-panel buildings are made of reinforced concrete slabs 300mm thick with installing them reinforced concrete panels with a height equal to the height of the basement room. All reinforced concrete elements are fixed by welding fixtures.

If a building has a different number of floors or the ground under the building has a different structure then the foundation for the prevention of erratic rainfall and to avoid serious injury settles expansion joint (the board is wrapped in roofing and set them between blocks smeared with bitumen)